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A view model or viewpoints framework in systems engineering, software engineering, and enterprise engineering is a framework which defines a coherent set of ''views'' to be used in the construction of a system architecture, software architecture, or enterprise architecture. A ''view'' is a representation of a whole system from the perspective of a related set of concerns.〔ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011, Systems and software engineering — Architecture description〕〔ISO/IEC 10746-1, Information technology — Open Distributed Processing — Reference model: Overview〕 Since the early 1990s there have been a number of efforts to prescribe approaches for describing and analyzing system architectures. These recent efforts define a set of views (or viewpoints). They are sometimes referred to as architecture frameworks or enterprise architecture frameworks, but are not usually called "view models". Usually a ''view'' is a work product that presents specific architecture data for a given system. However, the same term is sometimes used to refer to a view ''definition'', including the particular viewpoint and the corresponding guidance that defines each concrete view. The term ''view model'' is related to view definitions. == Overview == The purpose of views and viewpoints is to enable humans to comprehend very complex systems, to organize the elements of the problem and the solution around domains of expertise and to separate concerns. In the engineering of physically intensive systems, viewpoints often correspond to capabilities and responsibilities within the engineering organization.〔Edward J. Barkmeyer ea (2003). (''Concepts for Automating Systems Integration'' ) NIST 2003.〕 Most complex system specifications are so extensive that no single individual can fully comprehend all aspects of the specifications. Furthermore, we all have different interests in a given system and different reasons for examining the system's specifications. A business executive will ask different questions of a system make-up than would a system implementer. The concept of viewpoints framework, therefore, is to provide separate viewpoints into the specification of a given complex system in order to facilitate communication with the stakeholders. Each viewpoint satisfies an audience with interest in a particular set of aspects of the system. Each viewpoint may use a specific ''viewpoint language'' that optimizes the vocabulary and presentation for the audience of that viewpoint. Viewpoint modeling has become an effective approach for dealing with the inherent complexity of large distributed systems. Architecture description practices, as described in IEEE Std 1471-2000, utilize multiple views to address several areas of concerns, each one focusing on a specific aspect of the system. Examples of architecture frameworks using multiple views include Kruchten's "4+1" view model, the Zachman Framework, TOGAF, DoDAF, RM-ODP, and Hamdaqa's "5+1" view model. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「View model」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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